Purpose

The purpose of the Disease Process Presentation is for learners to:

• Develop professional presentation/communication skills.
• Demonstrate an advancing understanding of pathophysiological processes of body systems that result in the diagnosis and treatment of patients who present with these disorders in these systems.
• Demonstrate the ability to analyze the literature to obtain the most current, evidence-based resources on the assigned disease process.
• Demonstrate and practice professional communication and leadership, while advancing the education of peers.

Due Date:  Tuesday 11:59 PM MT Week 7 to both the Week

7 discussion board and the Week 7 assignment area.

Course outcomes

1. Analyze pathophysiological mechanisms associated with select disease states.
2. Relate research findings to the management of patients with complex pathophysiologic dysfunction.

Total Points Possible: 200 points

Requirements

Description of the Assignment

For Week 7 of the course, there is no case study given to you by the faculty. Instead you will be creating an audio/video recorded presentation that demonstrates your understanding of a selected disease process. This presentation will be uploaded into the course via Kaltura (see course resources for directions).

Criteria for Content

1. Introduce the disease with a brief definition and description.
2. Discuss the Risk Factorsand the connection to the Etiology of the initial injury to the cell/tissue/organ.
3. Discuss health care provider implications for prevention of the disease.
4. Show the progression from the initial injury to the defect in the tissue, organ and system functioning.
5. Link changes in the tissue, organ, and system functioning to the initial presenting signs and symptoms seen in primary careof the disease.
6. Provide a brief description of how the disease is diagnosed.
7. Provide a brief description of the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions used to treat and manage the disease.
8. Summarizes the disease on final slide with concluding remarks; includes implication for nurse practitioner practice.
9. Utilizes at least two current (within 5 years), peer-reviewed scholarly sources to support presentation content.
10. Reference slide and in-text citations depict references correctly cited according to APA.

Solution:

As defined by AHA (2016), hypertension (high blood pressure) is a systolic blood pressure (SBP) greater than 120 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) greater than 80 mm Hg, or under antihypertensive medication. According to the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7) BP for adults aged ≥18 years, normal BP is rates at SBP < 120 mm Hg and DBP< 80 mm Hg; Prehypertension: SBP 120-139 mm Hg, DBP 80-89 mm Hg; Stage 1: SBP 140-159 mm Hg, DBP 90-99 mm Hg; and Stage 2: SBP ≥160 mm Hg, DBP ≤ 100 mm Hg (Murti et al., 2015)

The 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines classify prehypertension into two categories of Elevated blood pressure which has SBP between 120 and 129 mm Hg and DBP lower than 80 mm Hg; and Stage 1 hypertension with SBP of 130 to 139 mm Hg or a DBP 80 to 89 mm Hg (Flack, Calhoun, & Schiffrin, 2017).

Hypertension can be primary or secondary. Primary hypertension is cause by environmental or genetic causes while secondary hypertension is caused by multiple etiologies including renal, endocrine, and vascular causes (Whelton & Carey, 2017). Primary and secondary hypertension accounts for 90-95% and 2-10% of adult cases respectively (Whelton & Carey, 2017). There are numerous primary risk factors than connect to hypertension etiology. To begin with, increase in age increases one risk for hypertension due to having an older heart which lowers its performance; degeneration and thickening of the muscle cells of the heart; Decrease in performance of one’s blood vessels as they tend to harden and narrow with increasing age; reduced elasticity of blood vessels; reduction of body’s inability to process salts; reduction in blood volume due to decrease fluid retention capacity; and decreased functionality of the kidney (Flack et al., 2017). Race is another risk factor as African Americans are reported to have higher rates of hypertension due to higher prevalence of hypertension complications such as heart attack, stroke, and kidney failure are common in individuals with African heritage as compared to the whites. But reasons for this are not yet clearly established. In addition, having close relatives with hypertension increases one risks due to genetic factors. Further being over-weight/ obese increases the demand for more blood for supply of oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues. Increase in volume of blood circulating through the blood vessels increases leads to increase in blood pressure while lack of physical activity Inactivity reduces the elasticity of the muscles of the heart as well as the blood vessels which renders it difficult for the heart to work with each contraction and thus more force on the blood arteries is exerted leading to hypertension (Whelton & Carey, 2017). Lack of inactivity also increases the risk of being overweight……..Please click the icon below to purchase full solution at $10